What is the process of reaching logical conclusions using logical reasoning called?

The process of reaching logical conclusions using logical reasoning is known as deductive reasoning. This method involves starting with general statements or principles and applying them to specific cases to arrive at a conclusion. In deductive reasoning, if the premises are true and the reasoning is valid, the conclusion must also be true.

For example, if we know that all humans are mortal (a general statement) and that Socrates is a human (a specific case), we can logically conclude that Socrates is mortal. This type of reasoning is essential in various fields, including mathematics and law, where clear and logical conclusions are necessary based on established premises.

In contrast to deductive reasoning, inductive reasoning involves drawing general conclusions from specific observations, which means the conclusions may not always be guaranteed to be true. Critical thinking encompasses a broader range of skills, including evaluating arguments and identifying biases, rather than solely focusing on logical conclusions. Analytical reasoning involves breaking down complex problems into simpler components but does not specifically focus on the logical structure of arguments the way deductive reasoning does.