What does the term "balayage" refer to in hair coloring?

Balayage refers to a specialized freehand hair coloring technique that creates a natural, sun-kissed effect, often associated with highlights. This method involves painting the color directly onto the hair, allowing the stylist to control the amount of color applied and to create a more blended, soft transition between shades. This results in a multi-dimensional look that can enhance the hair's movement and depth.

In contrast, the other options represent different hair coloring techniques or styles. The method involving foils is typically used for traditional highlighting, which contrasts with the hand-painted approach of balayage. Completely dyeing hair refers to a solid color application, which does not achieve the same nuanced effect as balayage. Ombre coloring involves a more noticeable gradient between colors, while balayage focuses on a more natural and seamless blend, thus distinguishing it from the ombre style as well.